{"id":886,"date":"2024-08-20T21:18:44","date_gmt":"2024-08-20T12:18:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kangonokagaku.co.jp\/koe\/?p=886"},"modified":"2024-11-11T18:31:44","modified_gmt":"2024-11-11T09:31:44","slug":"6-%e5%a4%9c%e5%8b%a4%e5%8b%a4%e5%8b%99%e7%b7%a8%e6%88%90%e3%81%ae%e3%82%b9%e3%82%bf%e3%83%b3%e3%83%80%e3%83%bc%e3%83%89-%e3%81%9d%e3%81%ae1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kangonokagaku.co.jp\/koe\/?p=886","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c6\u56de: \u591c\u52e4\u52e4\u52d9\u7de8\u6210\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u30c9 \u305d\u306e1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30c49\u539f\u5247<\/mark>\u3068\u30dd\u30ef\u30bd\u30cd6\u539f\u5247<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u5065\u5eb7\u6027\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u6027\u306e3\u3064\u306e\u5074\u9762\u304b\u3089\u898b\u3066\u304d\u305f\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306e\u591c\u52e4\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u77e5\u898b\u306f\uff0c\u897f\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\uff08\u5f53\u6642\uff09<\/small>\u306e\u6545\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30c4\u6559\u6388\u304c\u793a\u3057\u305f9\u539f\u5247<\/strong>\u306b\u7db2\u7f85\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08\u88681<\/mark><\/strong>\uff09<\/small> 1\uff09<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u88681<\/mark><\/strong>\u3000\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30c49 \u539f\u5247<\/td><\/tr>
1\uff0e\u591c\u52e4\u306f\u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u306b\u3068\u3069\u3081\u308b\u3079\u304d
2\uff0e\u65e5\u52e4\u306e\u59cb\u696d\u6642\u523b\u306f\u65e9\u304f\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u306a\u3044
3\uff0e\u52e4\u52d9\u4ea4\u4ee3\u6642\u523b\u306f\u500b\u4eba\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u878d\u901a\u6027\u3092
4\uff0e\u52e4\u52d9\u306e\u9577\u3055\u306f\u52b4\u50cd\u8ca0\u62c5\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6c7a\u3081\uff0c\u591c\u52e4\u306f\u77ed\u304f\u3059\u308b
5\uff0e\u77ed\u3044\u52e4\u52d9\u9593\u9694\u6642\u9593\u306f\u907f\u3051\u308b
6\uff0e\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u30822\u9023\u4f11\u306e\u9031\u672b\u4f11\u65e5\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b
7\uff0e\u4ea4\u4ee3\u65b9\u5411\u306f\u6b63\u5faa\u74b0\u304c\u3088\u3044
8\uff0e\u4ea4\u4ee3\u306e1\u5468\u671f\u306f\u9577\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u307b\u3046\u304c\u3088\u3044
9\uff0e\u4ea4\u4ee3\u9806\u5e8f\u306f\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u3079\u304d<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Knauth\u3089\uff0c1982\u304b\u3089\u4f5c\u8868<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u5b9f\u306f\uff0c\u591c\u52e4\u30fb\u4ea4\u4ee3\u52e4\u52d9\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u306f\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30c49\u539f\u5247\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u30eb\u539f\u5247<\/mark>\uff09<\/small>\u306b\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u304a\u58a8\u4ed8\u304d\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3066\u304d\u305f\u6b74\u53f2\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3082\u904e\u8a00\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u30eb\u539f\u5247<\/mark>\u306f\uff0c\u591c\u52e4\u30fb\u4ea4\u4ee3\u52e4\u52d9\u8005\u306e\u751f\u7406\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u306a\u5074\u9762\u306e\u307f\u306a\u3089\u305a\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b\u3084\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u306e\u4e0d\u5229\u76ca\u306e\u662f\u6b63\u3082\u542b\u3081\u305f\u7dcf\u5408\u7684\u306a\u6307\u91dd<\/strong>\u3092\u6253\u3061\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3067\u3068\u3066\u3082\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u3067\uff0c\u304b\u3064\u30e6\u30cb\u30fc\u30af\u306a\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3044\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u307e\u305f2000\u5e74\u306b\u306f\uff0c\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u30dd\u30ef\u30bd\u30cd\u535a\u58eb\u304c\uff0c\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\uff0c\u4ecb\u8b77\u58eb\uff0c\u305d\u3057\u3066\u533b\u5e2b\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30d8\u30eb\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u305f6\u539f\u5247<\/strong>\u3092\u6253\u3061\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff08\u88682<\/mark><\/strong>\uff09<\/small>2\uff09<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u88682<\/mark><\/strong>\u3000\u30dd\u30ef\u30bd\u30cd6\u539f\u5247<\/td><\/tr>
1\uff0e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3060\u3051\u591c\u52e4\u306f\u6e1b\u3089\u3059\u3002\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u4ea4\u4ee3\u3088\u308a\u77ed\u671f\u4ea4\u4ee3\u304c\u3088\u3044
2\uff0e 9\u6642\u9593\u301c12\u6642\u9593\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u9577\u6642\u9593\u52b4\u50cd\u306f\uff0c\u696d\u52d9\u8ca0\u62c5\u304c\u9069\u5207\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306e\u307f\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3067\u3082\uff0c\u75b2\u52b4\u3084\u6709\u5bb3\u7269\u8cea\u3078\u306e\u66dd\u9732\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3059\u308b
3\uff0e\u65e5\u52e4\u306e\u59cb\u696d\u3092\u5348\u524d6\u6642\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u3057\u306a\u3044
4\uff0e\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u3068\u6e96\u591c\u52e4\u3092\u540c\u65e5\u306b\u884c\u306a\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306a\u77ed\u3044\u52e4\u52d9\u9593\u9694\u6642\u9593\u306f\u907f\u3051\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b
5\uff0e\u9023\u7d9a\u52e4\u52d9\u65e5\u306f\u6700\u5927\u3067\u30827\u65e5\u307e\u3067\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u9031\u672b\u306b2\u9023\u7d9a\u306e\u4f11\u65e5\u3092\u8a2d\u3051\u308b
6\uff0e\u6b63\u5faa\u74b0\u306e\u4ea4\u4ee3\u5468\u671f\u304c\u671b\u307e\u3057\u3044<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Poissonnet\u3089\uff0c2000\u304b\u3089\u4f5c\u8868<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3000\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u306f\uff0c\u30eb\u539f\u5247<\/mark>\u306e\u3046\u3061\uff0c\u30d8\u30eb\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u306b\u306f\u9069\u7528\u3057\u306b\u304f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u308f\u308c\u308b\u539f\u5247\u3092\u9664\u3044\u30666\u539f\u5247\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u88681<\/mark><\/strong>\u3068\u88682<\/mark><\/strong>\u3092\u898b\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u307f\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u30dd\u30ef\u30bd\u30cd6\u539f\u5247\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u30dd\u539f\u5247<\/mark>\uff09<\/small>\u306e\u539f\u52471\u306f\uff0c\u30eb\u539f\u5247\u306e\u539f\u52471\u30688\u3092\u517c\u306d\u5099\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u30dd\u539f\u5247\u3067\u9664\u304b\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306f\u7d50\u5c402\u3064\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u88683<\/mark><\/strong>\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\u88683<\/mark><\/strong>\u3000\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30c49\u539f\u5247\u3068\u30dd\u30ef\u30bd\u30cd6\u539f\u5247\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u8868<\/td><\/tr>
\u9023\u7d9a\u591c\u52e4\u306e\u5236\u9650<\/td>\u2460<\/td>\u2776<\/td><\/tr>
\u65e9\u671d\u59cb\u696d\u306e\u7981\u6b62<\/td>\u2461<\/td>\u2778<\/td><\/tr>
\u5236\u5ea6\u306e\u5f3e\u529b\u5316<\/td>\u2462<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
\u591c\u52e4\u6642\u9593\u306e\u77ed\u7e2e\u30fb\u591c\u52e4\u8ca0\u62c5\u306e\u8efd\u6e1b<\/td>\u2463<\/td>\u2777<\/td><\/tr>
\u5341\u5206\u306a\u52e4\u52d9\u9593\u9694\u6642\u9593<\/td>\u2464<\/td>\u2779<\/td><\/tr>
2 \u9023\u4f11\u306e\u9031\u672b\u4f11\u65e5<\/td>\u2465<\/td>\u277a<\/td><\/tr>
\u6b63\u5faa\u74b0\u306e\u4ea4\u4ee3\u65b9\u5411<\/td>\u2466<\/td>\u277b<\/td><\/tr>
\u4ea4\u4ee3\u5468\u671f\u306e\u77ed\u7e2e<\/td>\u2467<\/td>\u2776<\/td><\/tr>
\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306a\u4ea4\u4ee3\u9806\u5e8f<\/td>\u2468<\/td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u305d\u3053\u3067\uff0c\u307e\u305a\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e6\u3064\u306e\u5171\u901a\u539f\u5247\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\uff0c\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u30eb\u539f\u52473\u30689\u3092\u89e3\u8aac\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u3067\u9032\u3081\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9023\u7d9a\u591c\u52e4\u306e\u5236\u9650\u3000\u30eb\u539f\u52471<\/mark>\u3000\u30dd\u539f\u52471<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u30eb\u539f\u5247\u3068\u30dd\u539f\u5247\u306e\u7b2c1\u539f\u5247\u306f\u9023\u7d9a\u591c\u52e4\u306e\u5236\u9650<\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7b2c4\u56de\u3067\u30aa\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u30c9\u30fc\u30bd\u30f3\u6559\u6388\u304c\u884c\u306a\u3063\u305f\u30a2\u30eb\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u4e2d\u6bd2\u6cd5\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u304a\u793a\u3057\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\uff0c\u591c\u52e4\u306f\uff0c\u305d\u3082\u305d\u3082\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u3082\u5371\u967a\u306a\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u3092\u9023\u7d9a\u7684\u306b\u306f\u884c\u306a\u3046\u3079\u304d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u3067\u30593\uff09<\/sup>\u3002\u4ed6\u306b\u3082\uff0c\u9023\u7d9a\u591c\u52e4\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u77e5\u898b\u306f\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u3068\u591c\u52e4\u306f\u5207\u3063\u3066\u3082\u5207\u308c\u306a\u3044\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u591c\u52e4\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u30c4\u30e9\u3044\u3068\u306f\u601d\u3044\u3064\u3064\u3082\uff0c\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306f\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3092\u7591\u308f\u306a\u3044\u306e\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3057\u304b\u3057\uff0c\u4e16\u306e\u306a\u304b\u3092\u898b\u6e21\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3068\uff0c\u3069\u3093\u306a\u5148\u9032\u5de5\u696d\u56fd\u3067\u3082\uff0c\u591c\u52e4\u3092\u884c\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306f\uff0c\u5168\u52b4\u50cd\u4eba\u53e3\u306e20\uff05\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u4e16\u306e\u306a\u304b\u306f\uff0c\u6b8b\u308a\u306e80\uff05\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5e38\u65e5\u52e4\u8005\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3067\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u539f\u5247\u306f\uff0c\u7b2c4\u56de\u3067\u89e6\u308c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff0c\u898b\u304b\u3051\u4e0a\u306e\u591c\u52e4\u6163\u308c\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u9023\u7d9a\u591c\u52e4\u3092\u884c\u306a\u3046\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f<\/strong>\uff0c\u591a\u5c11\u591c\u52e4\u306f\u30c4\u30e9\u304f\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u5e38\u65e5\u52e4\u8005\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u307b\u3046\u304c\uff0c\u50cd\u304d\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u306e\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u671d\u59cb\u696d\u306e\u7981\u6b62\u3000\u30eb\u539f\u52472<\/mark>\u3000\u30dd\u539f\u52473<\/mark><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u7b2c1\u56de\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u300c\u6e96\u591c\u52e4\u2192\u65e5\u52e4\u300d\u304c\u9593\u9055\u3063\u305f\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u306e\u8a3c\u62e0\u306e1\u3064\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u52e4\u52d9\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u304c\u7761\u7720\u4e0d\u5b89<\/strong>\u306b\u9665\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u65e9\u671d\u59cb\u696d\u306f\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u4e0d\u5b89\u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u7761\u7720\u306e\u8cea\u3092\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u5341\u5206\u306b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u306e\u901a\u52e4\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u767a\u8eca\u6642\u523b\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u751f\u6d3b\u305b\u3056\u308b\u3092\u5f97\u306a\u304f\uff0c\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306e\u751f\u6d3b\u3092\u7aae\u5c48\u306b\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u30eb\u539f\u5247\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u6642\u523b\u3092\u8a18\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\uff0c\u30dd\u539f\u5247\u3067\u306f\u696d\u52d9\u306e\u958b\u59cb\u3092\uff0c\u5348\u524d6\u6642\u524d\u306b\u306f\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u306a\u3044<\/strong>\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u591c\u52e4\u6642\u9593\u306e\u77ed\u7e2e\uff0c\u591c\u52e4\u8ca0\u62c5\u306e\u8efd\u6e1b\u3000\u30eb\u539f\u52474<\/mark><\/strong>\u3000\u30dd\u539f\u52472<\/mark><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u4f55\u3088\u308a\u3082\u591c\u52e4\u306e\u52b4\u50cd\u6642\u9593\u306f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3060\u3051\u77ed\u304f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u308f\u304c\u56fd\u306e\u770b\u8b77\u73fe\u5834\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u5e73\u6c17\u306a\u9854\u3092\u3057\u3066\u884c\u306a\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b16\u6642\u9593\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u9577\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u306f\uff0c\u672c\u539f\u5247\u306b\u5802\u3005\u3068\u53cd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300016\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u306f<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u306a\u304c\u3089\uff0c\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u751f\u7406\u306b\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u3070\u304b\u308a\u3067\u306a\u304f<\/strong>\uff0c\u7b2c5\u56de\u3067\u89e6\u308c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3061\u304c\u6e96\u591c\u52e4\u3068\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u3092\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u5e38\u306b\u7761\u7720\u4e0d\u8db3\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u304c\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u3092\u88dc\u3048\u308b\u6e96\u591c\u52e4\u5f8c\u306e\u591c\u9593\u7761\u7720\u3092\u3046\u3070\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046<\/strong>\u3068\u3059\u308b\u30aa\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u30af\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u535a\u58eb\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3082\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f4\uff09<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8077\u696d\u304c\u201c\u4e00\u751f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u4ed5\u4e8b\u201d\u3068\u601d\u3048\u308b\u82e5\u5e74\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u304c\u5897\u3048\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u306b\u306f\u8077\u5834\u306e\u5b9a\u7740\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u719f\u5e74\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u304c\u5897\u3048\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u719f\u5e74\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306f\uff0c\u7d4c\u9a13\u8c4a\u5bcc\u3067\u770b\u8b77\u6280\u8853\u306b\u9577\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u75c5\u68df\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\uff0c\u4f55\u3088\u308a\u3082\u60a3\u8005\u306e\u5b89\u5fc3\u306b\u7e4b\u304c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\uff0c\u719f\u5e74\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306f\uff0c\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3082\u52a0\u9f62\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30cf\u30f3\u30c7\u3092\u80cc\u8ca0\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u4f53\u529b\u7684\u306b\u306f\u75b2\u52b4\u306e\u9032\u5c55\u304c\u65e9\u304f\uff0c\u75b2\u52b4\u306e\u56de\u5fa9\u306f\u9045\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u7b2c5\u56de\u3067\u89e6\u308c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff0c\u305f\u3068\u3048\u4f55\u3089\u304b\u306e\u7406\u7531\u3067\u9577\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u304c\u884c\u306a\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u9577\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u306e\u6700\u5927\u306e\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306f\u305a\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u4f11\u65e5\u304c\uff0c\u75b2\u52b4\u56de\u5fa9\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\uff0c\u719f\u5e74\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u306a\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9\u30aa\u30d5\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3044<\/strong>\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u307e\u305f\u7b2c4\u56de\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u9577\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u9577\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u306f\uff0c\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u500b\u4eba\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3059\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\uff0c\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u540c\u50da\u3092\u540c\u3058\u8077\u5834\u306e\u4ef2\u9593\u304c\u767a\u898b\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u554f\u984c\u304c\u3042\u308b<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30aa\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u30c9\u30ea\u30a2\u30f3\u535a\u58eb\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f5\uff09<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7406\u7531\u304b\u3089\u3082\u591c\u52e4\u306e\u52b4\u50cd\u6642\u9593\u306f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3060\u3051\u77ed\u304f\u3059\u308b<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u304c\u671b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u591c\u52e4\u8ca0\u62c5\u3092\u8efd\u304f\u3057\u3066\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u308b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u6b21\u306b\u591c\u52e4\u8ca0\u62c5\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3084\u3063\u3066\u8efd\u304f\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\uff1f<\/strong> \u305d\u308c\u306b\u306f\uff0c\u307e\u305a\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u696d\u52d9\u3092\u4ed6\u306e\u52e4\u52d9\u3088\u308a\u6e1b\u3089\u3059\u3053\u3068\uff0c\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u306e\u6e1b\u3089\u3057\u305f\u6642\u9593\u306b\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068<\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002\u306a\u305c\u306a\u3089\uff0c\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u306b\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3068\uff0c3\u3064\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u304c\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u305d\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u756a\u76ee\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306f\uff0c\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u306e\u75b2\u52b4\u56de\u5fa9\u52b9\u679c\u3068\u7720\u3051\u89e3\u6d88\u52b9\u679c<\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306f\uff0c\u3044\u3064\u3082\u306e\u591c\u9593\u7761\u7720\u3068\u540c\u3058\u7761\u7720\u6642\u523b\u5e2f\u306b\u3068\u3089\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u5bdd\u3064\u304f\u307e\u3067\u306e\u6642\u9593\u304c\u77ed\u304f\uff0c\u75b2\u52b4\u56de\u5fa9\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u6df1\u3044\u7761\u7720\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u3082\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3044\u308f\u3070\u591c\u9593\u7761\u7720\u306e\u30df\u30cb\u30c1\u30e5\u30a2\u7248\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u75b2\u52b4\u56de\u5fa9\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u663c\u9593\u7761\u7720\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u304d\u308f\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u751f\u6d3b\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u30ba\u30ec\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u591c\u52e4\u524d\u306b\u3059\u3067\u306b\u4e00\u5b9a\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u75b2\u52b4\u3092\uff0c\u56de\u5fa9\u3059\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u4eee\u7720\u304c\u3068\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c\u52e4\u52d9\u7d42\u4e86\u307e\u3067\u306e\u899a\u9192\u6642\u9593\u304c\u77ed\u7e2e\u3057\uff0c\u3068\u304f\u306b\u65e9\u671d\u6642\u523b\u5e2f\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u7720\u3051\u306e\u767a\u73fe\u3082\u6291\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306f\u3088\u304f\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u524d\u306b\u81ea\u5b85\u3067\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u6589\u85e4\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u3089\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff0c\u52e4\u52d9\u524d\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306e\u75b2\u52b4\u56de\u5fa9\u529b\u306f\uff0c\u52e4\u52d9\u4e2d\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u3088\u308a\u5f31\u3044<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5831\u544a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u30596\uff09<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u307e\u305a\u75b2\u52b4\u306e\u56de\u5fa9\u306e\u70b9\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u52e4\u52d9\u524d\u306b\u81ea\u5206\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u6642\u9593\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3068\u308b\u4eee\u7720\u3088\u308a\u3082\uff0c\u52e4\u52d9\u4e2d\u306b\u3068\u308b\u591c\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u304c\u91cd\u8981<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u306b\u75b2\u52b4\u3092\u9032\u5c55\u3055\u305b\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u3084\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u306a\u5065\u5eb7\u6027\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3068\u3066\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u7b2c\u4e8c\u756a\u76ee\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306f\uff0c\u751f\u4f53\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u7dad\u6301\u52b9\u679c<\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u306f\uff0c\u305d\u3082\u305d\u3082\u4f53\u6e29\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u6642\u523b\u5e2f\u306b\u8d77\u304d\u3064\u3065\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u65e5\u52e4\u5fd7\u5411\u578b\u306e\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u5d29\u308c\u3084\u3059\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u306b\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u306b\u306f\u4f53\u6e29\u3092\u4e0b\u964d\u3055\u305b\u308b\u50cd\u304d\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u7dad\u6301\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u5c48\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306e\u4f53\u6e29\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u7dad\u6301\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u82f1\u56fd\u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30ce\u30eb\u30ba\u6559\u6388\u3089\u306f\uff0c\u30a2\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30b9\u30ea\u30fc\u30d7\uff08\u4fc2\u7559\u7761\u7720\uff09<\/small>\u52b9\u679c<\/strong>\u3068\u540d\u4ed8\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f7\uff09<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u56f31<\/mark><\/strong>\u3092\u898b\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u5de6\u306e\u56f3\u306f\uff0c1\u65e5\u306e\u306a\u304b\u3067\u3082\u3063\u3068\u3082\u9577\u3044\u7761\u7720\uff08\u4e3b\u7761\u7720\uff09<\/small>\u3092\uff0c1\u65e5\u306e\u4efb\u610f\u306e\u6642\u523b\u306b\u3068\u308c\u3070\uff0c18\u6642\u9803\u306b\u3042\u308b\u4f53\u6e29\u306e1\u65e5\u3067\u3082\u3063\u3068\u3082\u9ad8\u3044\u6642\u523b\uff08\u9802\u70b9\u4f4d\u76f8\uff09<\/small>\u306b\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u969c\u5bb3\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3066\uff0c\u65e5\u306b\u3061\u306e\u7d4c\u904e\u306b\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u9802\u70b9\u4f4d\u76f8\u306f\u5f8c\u308d\u306b\u30ba\u30ec\u3066\u3044\u304f\u306e\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u53f3\u306e\u56f3\u306f\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\uff08\u3053\u306e\u5834\u54084\u6642\u9593\uff09<\/small>\u3092\uff0c\u3044\u3064\u3082\u5bdd\u3066\u3044\u308b\u591c\u9593\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u304c\u30a2\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\uff08\u9328\uff09<\/small>\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u9802\u70b9\u4f4d\u76f8\u306e\u30ba\u30ec\u306f\u751f\u3058\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e4\u6642\u9593\u306e\u30a2\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30b9\u30ea\u30fc\u30d7\u52b9\u679c\u304c\uff0c4\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u3088\u308a\u3082\u77ed\u3044\u4eee\u7720\u3067\u3082\u751f\u3058\u308b\u304b\u3092\u52b4\u50cd\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306e\u5409\u7530\u7279\u5225\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u304c\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u30598\uff09<\/sup>\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5f7c\u5973\u3089\u306f\uff0c2\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u3067\u3082\u30a2\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30b9\u30ea\u30fc\u30d7\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u3042\u308b<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u56f31<\/mark><\/strong>\u3000\u4f53\u6e29\u9802\u70b9\u4f4d\u76f8\u306b\u307f\u308b\u30a2\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30b9\u30ea\u30fc\u30d7\u52b9\u679c\uff08Minors\u3089\uff0c1981\u3092\u6539\u5909\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u7b2c\u4e09\u756a\u76ee\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306f\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u8abf\u6574\u306e\u52b9\u679c<\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u660e\u3051\u306b\u3068\u308b\u663c\u9593\u7761\u7720\u306f\uff0c\u91cf\u3084\u8cea\u306e\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u6e80\u8db3\u3067\u304d\u308b\u7761\u7720\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u591a\u304f\u306e\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306f\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u7761\u7720\u3067\u591c\u52e4\u75b2\u52b4\u3092\u56de\u5fa9\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff0c\u5bdd\u305f\u308a\u8d77\u304d\u305f\u308a\u3057\u3066\u904e\u3054\u3055\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u306e\u30c4\u30e9\u3055\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3053\u306e\u663c\u9593\u7761\u7720\u3092\u30b9\u30ad\u30c3\u30d7\u3059\u308b\u82e5\u5e74\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u3082\u3044\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u305d\u3053\u3067\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306f\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u306e\u8cea\u306e\u70b9\u3067\u6e80\u8db3\u3067\u304d\u308b\u7761\u7720\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u3053\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u3067\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u7761\u7720\u306e\u8cea\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3051\u3070\uff0c\u663c\u9593\u306e\u7761\u7720\u3067\u306f\u4e0d\u8db3\u3057\u305f\u5206\u306e\u307f\u3092\u88dc\u3048\u3070\u3088\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5bdd\u305f\u308a\u8d77\u304d\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u751f\u6d3b\u304c\u6539\u5584\u3055\u308c\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u4ee5\u5916\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3059\u6642\u9593\u304c\u5897\u3048\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3082\u305d\u3082\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u660e\u3051\u306f\uff0c\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u65e5\u52e4\u8005\u306e\u30a2\u30d5\u30bf\u30fc5\u306e\u6642\u523b\u5e2f\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u306d\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3092\uff0c\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u306b\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c\u88dc\u511f\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u30a4\u30e9\u30a4\u30e9\u3092\u8efd\u6e1b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u307e\u305f\u3055\u3089\u306a\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u4eee\u7720\u306b\u306f\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7686\u3055\u3093\u306f\uff0c\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u660e\u3051\u306b\uff0c\u5bb6\u65cf\u304b\u3089\u300c\u3044\u3064\u3082\u30a4\u30e9\u30a4\u30e9\u3057\u3066\u300d\u3068\u304b\uff0c\u4e45\u3057\u3076\u308a\u306b\u4f1a\u3063\u305f\u6614\u306e\u53cb\u4eba\u304b\u3089\u300c\u6012\u308a\u3063\u307d\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306d\u300d\u3068\u304b\uff0c\u3044\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3069\u3046\u3082\u4eee\u7720\u306f\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u6012\u308a\u3084\u30a4\u30e9\u30a4\u30e9\u306a\u3069\u306e\u4eba\u9593\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u8ca0\u306e\u611f\u60c5\u3092\u6291\u3048\u308b\u3089\u3057\u3044<\/strong>\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30ab\u30ea\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30cb\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u6559\u6388\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306f9\uff09<\/sup>\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u308b\u7fa4\u3068\u3068\u3089\u306a\u3044\u7fa4\u306b\u5206\u3051\u3066\uff0c\u3044\u308d\u3044\u308d\u306a\u611f\u60c5\u3092\u8868\u3057\u305f\u5199\u771f\u3092\u307f\u305b\u3066\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u60c5\u52d5\u53cd\u5fdc\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u56f32<\/mark><\/strong>\u306e\u3068\u304a\u308a\uff0c\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u3063\u305f\u7fa4\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u6050\u6016\u3084\u6012\u308a\u306e\u611f\u60c5\u5199\u771f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u52d5\u53cd\u5fdc\u306f\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\uff0c\u5e78\u798f\u306e\u611f\u60c5\u5199\u771f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u52d5\u53cd\u5fdc\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u3068\u5831\u544a\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u56f32<\/mark><\/strong>\u30004\u3064\u306e\u60c5\u52d5\u53cd\u5fdc\u3068\u30ec\u30e0\u7761\u7720\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08Gujar\uff0c 2011 \u3092\u6539\u5909\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u7406\u60f3\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u6642\u9593\u306f8\u6642\u9593\u306e\u591c\u52e4\u30672\u6642\u9593<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u6642\u9593\u306f\u4f55\u6642\u9593\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\uff1f <\/strong>\u305d\u308c\u306f8\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u3067\u306f\uff0c2\u6642\u9593\uff08120\u5206\uff09<\/small><\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3068\uff0c\u73fe\u5834\u304b\u3089\u306f\u300c\u7121\u7406\u3060\u3088\u3049\uff1f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u58f0\u304c\u805e\u3053\u3048\u3066\u304d\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3082\uff0c8\u6642\u9593\u306e\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u30672\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306f\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u304c\u7720\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9593\u306e\u591c\u52e4\u696d\u52d9\u3092\uff0c6\u6642\u9593\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\uff0c\u8077\u5834\u306e\u4ef2\u9593\u306e\u540c\u610f\u3068\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u306e\u8aac\u5f97\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3067\u3082\u3059\u3067\u306b\u591c\u52e4\u306f\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u3084\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u53cc\u65b9\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u6709\u5bb3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u308f\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u305d\u3093\u306a\u306b\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30002\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3068\uff0c\u7d0490\u5206\u3067\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u30ec\u30e0\u7761\u7720\u3067\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u76ee\u899a\u3081\u3082\u3088\u304f\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306b\u6709\u52b9<\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u4f53\u6e29\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3082\u7761\u7720\u958b\u59cb\u5f8c60\u5206\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3066\u4e0b\u964d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u30a2\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30b9\u30ea\u30fc\u30d7\u52b9\u679c\u3082\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/strong>\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\uff0c2\u6642\u9593\u3082\u7761\u7720\u6642\u9593\u304c\u78ba\u4fdd\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\uff0c\u30b9\u30e0\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u5165\u7720\u304c\u884c\u306a\u3048\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u4e0d\u5b89\u3082\u751f\u3058\u306b\u304f\u3044\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u3044\u3064\u3082\u306e\u591c\u9593\u7761\u7720\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u7761\u7720\u958b\u59cb20\uff5e30\u5206\u5f8c\u306b\u6df1\u3044\u7761\u7720\u304c\u751f\u3058\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u663c\u9593\u306e\u7761\u7720\u6642\u9593\u304c\u77ed\u7e2e\u3057\uff0c\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u660e\u3051\u306e\uff0c\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306e\u201c \u30a2\u30d5\u30bf\u30fc5\u201d \u306e\u6642\u9593\u3092\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3061\u306a\u307f\u306b\u524d\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u6559\u6388\u306f\uff0c\u4eee\u7720\u3067\u5927\u5207\u306a\u306e\u306f\uff0c\u30ec\u30e0\u7761\u7720\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/strong>\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u306e2\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306e\u306a\u304b\u306b\u306f\u30ec\u30e0\u7761\u7720\u304c\u5fc5\u305a\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u660e\u3051\u306b\u60a3\u8005\u3084\u305d\u306e\u5bb6\u65cf\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u300c\u512a\u3057\u3044\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u3055\u3093\u306d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u308f\u308c\uff0c\u5bb6\u65cf\u304b\u3089\u306f\u300c\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u6012\u3089\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff0c\u9593\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3057\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\uff0c\u7b2c3\u56de\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u591c\u52e4\u3092\u9577\u671f\u9593\u884c\u306a\u3046\u3068\uff0c\u4e73\u304c\u3093\u30fb\u524d\u7acb\u817a\u304c\u3093\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u304c\u9ad8\u307e\u308b<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u306f\u591c\u52e4\u3067\u306f\u4eba\u5de5\u7167\u660e\u306b\u66dd\u9732\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u4e2d\u306b\u5206\u6ccc\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6297\u9178\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u3084\u6297\u816b\u760d\u4f5c\u7528\u304c\u3042\u308b\u30e1\u30e9\u30c8\u30cb\u30f3\u304c\u6291\u5236\u3055\u308c\uff0c\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u30ed\u30b2\u30f3\u3084\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30b9\u30c6\u30ed\u30f3\u304c\u7570\u5e38\u306b\u5206\u6ccc\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3068\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f10\uff09<\/sup>\u3002\u3082\u30572\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u304c\u3068\u308c\u308c\u3070\uff0c8\u6642\u9593\u7761\u7720\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u5206\u6ccc\u3055\u308c\u308b\u91cf\u306f\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u3042\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u30e1\u30e9\u30c8\u30cb\u30f3\u304c\u5206\u6ccc\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3089\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u30022\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306f\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u7684\u306a\u5065\u5eb7\u5f71\u97ff\u306b\u307e\u3067\u597d\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b<\/strong>\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u304c\u3068\u308c\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u2026<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u30008 \u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u30672\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff0c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u696d\u52d9\u6574\u7406\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u304d\uff0c\u75c5\u9662\u306e\u7d4c\u55b6\u8005\u304c\uff0c\u300c2\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306a\u3089\uff0c\u591c\u52e4\u6642\u9593\u3092\u5ef6\u9577\u3059\u308c\u3070\uff0c\u305d\u3046\u306d\u3047\uff0c\u305f\u3068\u3048\u307016\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u306a\u3089\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u3093\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\uff1f\u300d\u3068\u6c34\u3092\u5411\u3051\u3066\u304f\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u306d\u3002\u3067\u3082\uff0c\u7b2c3\u56de\u306716\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u306e2\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306f\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u306a\u3044<\/strong>\u3068\u3057\u305f\u52b4\u50cd\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306e\u677e\u5143\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u3089\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u304a\u793a\u3057\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u308911\uff09<\/sup>\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u7533\u3057\u51fa\u306f\uff0c\u30ad\u30c3\u30d1\u30ea\uff01 \u304a\u65ad\u308a\u3057\u305f\u65b9\u304c\u3088\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u3067\u306f\uff0c2\u6642\u9593\u306f\u3068\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3051\u3069\uff0c1\u6642\u9593\u306a\u3089\u3068\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5834\u5408<\/strong>\u306f\uff0c\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u82e6\u8089\u306e\u7b56\u3067\u3059\u306d\u30021\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u3067\u3082\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u306f\u3044\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c2\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306e5\u3064\u306e\u7d20\u6674\u3089\u3057\u3044\u52b9\u679c\uff08\u5065\u5eb7\u6027\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u6027\u306e\u8cea\u306e3\u3064\u306e\u52b9\u679c\uff0b\u60c5\u52d5\u8ca0\u62c5\u306e\u8efd\u6e1b\uff0c\u4e73\u304c\u3093\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30fb\u524d\u7acb\u817a\u304c\u3093\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u6291\u5236\u52b9\u679c\uff09<\/small>\u306f\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u7c73\u56fd\u306e\u30b9\u30df\u30b9\u30fb\u30b3\u30ae\u30f3\u30b9\u51c6\u6559\u6388\u3089\u306f\uff0c\u5916\u79d1\u7dca\u6025\u75c5\u68df\u306b\u30663\u65e5\u9593\u9023\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u591c\u52e4\u3092\u884c\u306a\u3046\u533b\u5e2b\u3084\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u306b40\u5206\u306e\u4eee\u7720\uff08\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u7720\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306f\uff0c\u5e73\u574724.8\u5206\uff09<\/small>\u3092\u3068\u3089\u305b\u3066\uff0c\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u3068\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u5f8c\u306e\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f12\uff09<\/sup>\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u591c\u52e4\u4e2d\u306e\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u306f\u304a\u304a\u3080\u306d\u6539\u5584\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\uff0c\u52e4\u52d9\u5f8c\u306e\u75b2\u52b4\u3092\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4eee\u7720\u306a\u3057\u306e\u533b\u5e2b\u3084\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u5dee\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u5831\u544a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a40\u5206\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u52e4\u52d9\u5f8c\u307e\u3067\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044<\/strong>\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u4ecb\u5165\u5b9f\u9a13\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u3063\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\uff0c\u201c \u307c\u3049\u30fc\u201d \u3068\u3057\u305f\u611f\u3058\u304c\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u5831\u544a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u6163\u6027<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u3068\u304f\u306b\u6df1\u3044\u7761\u7720\u306a\u3069\u3067\u76ee\u899a\u3081\u308b\u3068\u751f\u3058\u308b\u4eee\u7720\u306e\u8ca0\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3067\u305913\uff09<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u4eee\u7720\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8077\u5834\u3067\u3082\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u4e0d\u5feb\u306a\u6c17\u5206\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u304b\u3089\u4eee\u7720\u306f\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u304c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\uff0c\u3084\u306f\u308a\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3059\u308b\u6642\u9593\u304c\u77ed\u3059\u304e\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c15\u5206\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8d85\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u306f\uff0c\u6df1\u3044\u7761\u7720\u306b\u9054\u3057\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u6163\u6027\u3082\u306a\u3044<\/strong>\u3068\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305914\uff09<\/sup>\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6975\u7aef\u306b\u77ed\u3044\u4eee\u7720\u306f\uff0c\u5e38\u65e5\u52e4\u8005\u304c\u3068\u308b\u663c\u5bdd\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u306a\u304b\u3067\uff0c\u7720\u3051\u306e\u6291\u5236\u306b\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5831\u544a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u591c\u9593\u7761\u7720\u306f\uff0c\u5165\u7720\u5f8c\u306b\u7d20\u65e9\u304f\u6df1\u3044\u7761\u7720\u306b\u79fb\u884c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u663c\u9593\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u7761\u7720\u6163\u6027\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3068\u601d\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u306a\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff0c\u4eee\u7720\u6642\u9593\u304c\u77ed\u3044\u3068\uff0c\u524d\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u4eee\u7720\u672c\u6765\u306e\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u306f\u5168\u304f\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3000\u305c\u3072\uff0c8\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u30672\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4eee\u7720\u3092\u3068\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u5b9f\u611f\u3057\u3066\u307f\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\uff082011\u5e74\u57f7\u7b46\uff09<\/small><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\uff09Knauth P, Rutenfranz J. Development of criteria for the design of shiftwork systems. J Hum Ergol. 1982\uff1b11 Suppl\uff1a337-67\uff0e\u8a3b\uff1a\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30c4\uff08Rutenfranz\uff09\u539f\u5247\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u306a\u304c\u3089\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u304c\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\uff0c\u5f7c\u306e\u5f1f\u5b50\u306e\u30af\u30ca\u30a6\u30c8\uff08Knauth\uff09\u6559\u6388\u304c\u7b46\u982d\u8457\u8005\u306a\u3093\u3067\u3059\u306d\uff0e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30c4\u6559\u6388\u306f\uff0c1982\u5e74\u5f53\u6642\uff0c\u56fd\u969b\u7523\u696d\u4fdd\u5065\u5b66\u4f1a\u30fb\u591c\u52e4\u30fb\u4ea4\u4ee3\u52e4\u52d9\u79d1\u5b66\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306e\u521d\u4ee3\u59d4\u54e1\u9577\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u5f7c\u306e\u540d\u524d\u3092\u51a0\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30cd\u30fc\u30e0\u30d0\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3082\u5927\u304d\u304f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff0e
2\uff09Poissonnet CM, V\u00e9ron M. Health effects of work schedules in healthcare professions. J Clin Nurs. 2000\uff1b9\uff081\uff09\uff1a13-23.
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5\uff09Dorrian J, Lamond N, van den Heuvel C, Pincombe J, Rogers AE, Dawson D. A pilot study of the safety implications of Australian nurses\u2019 sleep and work hours. Chronobiol Int. 2006\uff1b 23\uff086\uff09\uff1a1149-63.
6\uff09\u658e\u85e4\u826f\u592b\uff0c\u4f50\u3005\u6728\u53f8\uff0e\u75c5\u9662\u770b\u8b77\u5a66\u304c\u65e5\u52e4\u2500\u6df1\u591c\u52e4\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u52e4\u52d9\u6642\u306b\u3068\u308b\u4eee\u7720\u306e\u5b9f\u614b\u3068\u305d\u306e\u52b9\u679c\uff0e\u7523\u696d\u885b\u751f\u5b66\u96d1\u8a8c. 1998\uff1b40\uff1a67-74.
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8\uff09\u5409\u7530\u6709\u5e0c\uff0c\u4f50\u3005\u6728\u53f8\uff0c\u4e09\u6fa4\u54f2\u592b\uff0c\u809d\u4ed8\u90a6\u61b2\uff0e12 \u6642\u95932 \u9023\u7d9a\u591c\u52e4\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u591c\u9593\u899a\u9192\u6642\u306b\u3068\u308b\u4eee\u7720\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u2500\u4eee\u7720\u5f8c\u306e\u899a\u9192\u6c34\u6e96\u306b\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5f71\u97ff\u2500\uff0e\u52b4\u50cd\u79d1\u5b66 1998\uff1b74\uff0810\uff09\uff1a378-90\uff0e\u8a3b\uff1a\u6587\u732e7 \u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30ce\u30eb\u30ba\uff08Minors\uff09\u6559\u6388\u306f\uff0c\u4f53\u6e29\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u3044\u6642\u523b\uff08\u9802\u70b9\u4f4d\u76f8\uff09\u306e\u30ba\u30ec\u304c\u751f\u3058\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\uff0c\u672c\u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u306f\u4f53\u6e29\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u6700\u3082\u4f4e\u3044\u6642\u523b\uff08\u5e95\u70b9\u4f4d\u76f8\uff09\u304c\u30ba\u30ec\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff0e
9\uff09Gujar N, McDonald SA, Nishida M, Walker MP. A role for rem sleep in recalibrating the sensitivity of the human brain to specific emotions. Cereb Cortex. 2011\uff1b21\uff081\uff09\uff1a115-23.
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11\uff09\u677e\u5143\u4fca\uff0c\u4f50\u3005\u6728\u53f8\uff0c\u5d0e\u7530\u30de\u30e6\u30df\uff0c\u5185\u85e4\u5805\u5fd7\uff0c\u9752\u67f3\u76f4\u5b50\uff0c\u9ad8\u6a4b\u60a6\u5b50\uff0c\u9152\u4e95\u4e00\u535a\uff1a\u770b\u8b77\u5e2b\u304c16\u6642\u9593\u591c\u52e4\u6642\u306b\u3068\u308b\u4eee\u7720\u304c\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e\u75b2\u52b4\u611f\u3068\u7761\u7720\u306b\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u52b4\u50cd\u79d1\u5b66. 2008\uff1b84\uff081\uff09\uff1a25-9\uff0e\u8a3b\uff1a\u770b\u8b77\u5b9f\u8df5\u306e\u79d1\u5b662010\uff1b35\uff082\uff09\uff1a70 \u53c2\u7167\uff0e
12\uff09Smith-Coggins R, Howard SK, Mac DT, Wang C, Kwan S, Rosekind MR, Sowb Y, Balise R, Levis J, Gaba DM. Improving alertness and performance in emergency department physicians and nurses\uff1athe use of planned naps. Ann Emerg Med. 2006\uff1b48\uff085\uff09\uff1a596-604.
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